Freedoms in Oman: religion, women's rights, work, movement and expression

Oman is a monarchy governed by the Basic Statute of the State, most recently issued by Royal Decree 6/2021. It guarantees many personal freedoms within the framework of law and public order, and in daily life most residents find Oman open and tolerant. Here is a balanced picture of what that means.

Freedom of religion

Islam is the religion of the state, but the Basic Statute protects the freedom to practise religious rites in accordance with recognised custom, provided public order and morals are respected. Christians, Hindus and other communities worship openly in licensed churches and temples in Muscat, Sohar and Salalah. Proselytising Muslims and public criticism of religion are not allowed.

Women's rights

Omani women vote and stand for election to the Shura Council, serve as ministers, ambassadors and judges, drive, work in all sectors and own businesses and property. Women make up a large share of university graduates. Foreign women can live, work and travel independently, and harassment is rare.

Freedom of movement and residence

Residents can travel freely inside the country and in and out of it, subject to valid residence and the absence of travel bans linked to unpaid debts or court cases. Since 2021 the old sponsorship (no-objection) rules for changing jobs have been eased, and since June 2026 property owners can hold residence without a sponsor.

Economic freedom

Foreigners can own 100% of companies in most activities, own homes in designated areas, open bank accounts and transfer money freely; there are no currency controls. Some professions and activities remain reserved for Omanis.

Expression, media and assembly

This is where the limits are. The media operate under the Media Law (Royal Decree 58/2024), which bans prior censorship but prohibits content considered misleading, offensive to public morals or harmful to national unity, and licenses media and social media activity. Criticism of the Sultan is a criminal offence, there are no political parties, and public gatherings need permission. Most residents never meet these limits in daily life, but it is wise to avoid political commentary online.

Personal life

Private life is largely respected, but laws on relationships outside marriage, alcohol and public behaviour apply to everyone. Discretion is the norm.

How Oman compares

Within the Gulf, Oman is often seen as moderate and stable, with a strong record on religious tolerance and personal safety and a more restrictive approach to political expression. For families, professionals and investors, the day-to-day experience is one of calm, safety and respect.

How R2LUX helps

We help international families settle in Oman with clear, honest information. Three homes in Muscat's international communities are below.