Etiquette in Muscat: how to behave in Oman's capital

Muscat is the most international city in Oman, and residents from dozens of countries live side by side. Rules are relaxed compared with the interior, but the capital still expects courtesy and modesty, especially in public spaces and government offices.

Visiting the Grand Mosque and other mosques

The Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque welcomes non-Muslim visitors at set morning hours, except Fridays. Women must cover their hair, arms and legs, men must wear long trousers and covered shoulders, and shoes are removed before entering prayer halls. Speak quietly and do not enter during prayers.

Beaches, malls and the corniche

On public beaches such as Qurum, swimwear is fine on the sand and in the water but cover up when you leave the beach. In malls, souqs and on the Muttrah corniche, modest dress is expected; signs in some malls remind visitors. Families often have the evenings to themselves on the beach, so keep a respectful distance.

Business etiquette

Meetings often start with coffee and small talk; rushing to business is considered abrupt. Punctuality is appreciated, though meetings may start late. Use titles (Sheikh, Sayyid, Dr., Eng.), exchange business cards with the right hand and expect decisions to take time. Avoid scheduling meetings at Friday prayer time.

Ramadan in Muscat

During daylight do not eat, drink or smoke in public, including in your car. Offices shorten hours, many restaurants open only after sunset and the city comes alive after iftar. Wishing people Ramadan kareem is appreciated.

On the road

Muscat drivers are generally calm. Flashing headlights and horn use are seen as aggressive, rude gestures can lead to prosecution, and speed cameras are everywhere. Give way to emergency vehicles and processions.

The basics everywhere in Oman

• Greet first with as-salamu alaykum; handshakes are common between men, but wait for a woman to offer her hand.
• Use your right hand to eat, give and receive.
• Dress modestly in public, with shoulders and knees covered.
• Ask before photographing people, especially women, and never photograph military or palace sites.
• Accept coffee and dates when offered; shake the cup gently when you have had enough.
• Keep your voice calm; public anger and swearing are taken seriously.

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